What does utilities software do

Even large disks may not have a single contiguous empty space large enough to hold a big file. The file is therefore saved as different parts, or fragments, in various locations on the disk. This means that the drive head may need to move many times when seeking fragments and will take longer to read a file.

Defragmentation moves file fragments so they are next to each other on the disk. This reduces the time needed to read files. A computer virus is a malicious software program designed to copy itself over and over again and attach itself to other programs. Computer viruses attack the data and programs stored on your computer. It is important to have antivirus software installed to help prevent data loss or corruption. Antivirus software is responsible for detecting and blocking or quarantining computer viruses.

When a file is deleted, the address to the location on the disk is removed. Disk defragmentation - When files are deleted, unused clusters become available for reuse.

These can end up being distributed across a drive, especially if the original files were small. If a large file is then written to a drive, its data could be spread across different clusters leading to file fragmentation. Defragmentation involves rearranging the information on a disk so that files appear in continuous sequences of clusters.

This will improve file access times. Some of the popular utility software are described below Antivirus: It is used to protect a computer from the virus. It detects a virus and notify the user and take action to secure the computer. The virus are kept in different location called vault where it has different file system due to which virus effect it. User can itself instruct antivirus to delete malicious program, put it in vault or even ignore it. These days most come in GUI form. The first antivirus program appeared in with the introduction of an antivirus program from G Data Software for the Atari ST.

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File Management Tool: The software is used to manage files stored in a file system. It can be used to create, group file. Like Windows File Explorer is a file management tool.